1. Supply Chain Management Jobs
2. Supply Chain Management Definition
3. Principles Of Supply Chain Management Rapidshare Library Downloads

Public policy and associated governmental regulatory issues play critical roles in shaping the practice of supply chain management (SCM). To date, however, these issues remain largely unexplored by SCM researchers. This article makes the case that such issues are highly relevant to the field of SCM, and that SCM researchers are uniquely positioned to speak to the issues by virtue of the foundational principles and levels of analysis that define our discipline. The discussion provides suggestions and examples of how fruitful research might be conducted in this space.

The principal approach used in this study was a REA of the academic and grey literature. We complemented the assessment of evidence with interviews with a small set of stakeholders involved in procurement in the NHS, representing both the NHS and the private sector, to help place the findings of the evidence review in the NHS context. We also undertook an in-depth assessment of approaches to procurement in the health-care sector in two countries other than England to understand the potential for learning for the NHS. Rapid evidence assessmentA REA is a comprehensive, systematic and critical assessment of the scope and quality of available evidence which follows the general principles of conducting literature reviews in health care.

The choice of REA was informed by the requirements for this project as set out in the commissioning brief and was based on the need to provide the best possible value for money within a relatively limited time frame. In contrast to formal systematic reviews, REAs tend to place more explicit limits on the scope of the review, whether by number and type of databases or other sources searched, types of research included or the language and time period in which the research was conducted. However, the REA follows the same principles as a systematic review: defining the research question; developing the review protocol, including defining inclusion and exclusion criteria, search terms and sources to be searched; undertaking the review, that is, study selection, data extraction, quality assessment and data synthesis; and reporting. Search strategyThe literature on procurement and SCM stretches beyond peer-reviewed journals to trade publications and government reports. Given the highly theoretical nature of most of the academic publications, we included examples from smaller studies or empirical data from case studies in practice, regardless of whether this was academic or grey literature.Our pilot testing of the search terms underwent several iterations, and the search was conducted in three stages, focusing on (1) SCM and procurement, (2) procurement in health care and (3) targeted searches of procurement and SCM in the defence and pharmaceutical industries. Here we summarise our principal approach; further details are described in. Procurement and SCM in the defence and pharmaceutical industries We conducted targeted searches of studies of procurement and SCM in the defence industry, using Google Scholar, for the period 2008–13, and procurement and SCM in the pharmaceutical industries, using Google Scholar, Web of Science and Business Source Complete, for the period 2006–13.The first search was the most extensive with respect to databases and date range as this was the main source for evidence, whereas the two additional searches were more targeted towards the nature of studies in each particular field.

Data extractionData from studies identified as eligible for inclusion in the review were extracted into a spreadsheet template. We extracted information on context, study design and objective(s), methodological approach, reported outcomes and identified limitations. Data extraction was undertaken by three researchers. Consistency of data extraction across reviewers was checked through duplicate extraction of a random sample of studies ( n = 100) by two reviewers independently. Disagreements and discrepancies were resolved by discussion or involvement of a third reviewer where necessary. Given the wide range of types of studies, to aid with the extraction and reporting of the review we have utilised the Context, Interventions, Mechanisms, Outcomes (CIMO) extraction approach, a framework used in management and organisational settings.

Details of all studies selected for review are included in. Quality assessment of studiesGiven the heterogeneity of study designs considered in this review, we did not apply a formal quality rating system, such as the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system for evaluating the quality of evidence for reported outcomes, and typically used for health-care randomised trials. Initial scanning of identified records revealed that many studies were theoretical in nature and did not present empirical data, or that recommendations were not tested in practice.

Thus, as a pragmatic approach we applied the following criteria to assess the quality of the studies:. Types of outcomes achieved: purchaser experience, wider economic impacts.In a further step, we organised our learning from the literature into a logic model format as a means to group the emerging themes and areas of learning into a hypothetical NHS context ( ). In line with the established approach to logic modelling, we distinguished inputs into an organisation (i.e. The context and environment in which purchases are made), the processes or mechanisms used for purchasing, and purchasing outputs and outcomes emerging.

In line with our inclusion criteria, we sought to identify outcomes that were (or could potentially be) associated with cost savings, efficiencies and general effectiveness in achieving a given organisation’s aims. We return to a further development of this model, containing the emerging themes from the study, in the discussion (see, Although the evidence remains limited, it is possible to draw some general lessons). Key informant interviewsPurchasing practices depend on a range of industry and contextual factors which are not easily identifiable or documented in the published literature. Interviews with a small number of key informants, working with or within the health-care sector, helped to ground and validate the themes identified through the literature. They also furthered our understanding of the more practical issues facing NHS procurement in the current climate. This component of the research was designed to be exploratory only, to help place the findings of the evidence review in the NHS context and so inform how our findings might best be used to meet the needs of the NHS.As indicated in, Effects of the changing NHS context on the study, the original protocol for this research foresaw the commitment of advisors from two hospital trusts who had agreed to participate in the research as key informants and to act as multipliers to identify further staff members for interview.

However, the changing NHS context since commencement of the study in December 2012 has meant that one trust had to withdraw, while the second was affected by changes in staff working in procurement, so reducing the number of potential participants in the research. In consultation with the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), we amended the original research protocol by extending the range of key informants for interview to consider a wider group of stakeholders with expertise or experience of NHS procurement, including participants from the private sector.As a consequence of these changes to the protocol, interview participants were identified from different sources. First, we approached the trust still involved in the study in an advisory function for potential interview participants. Second, we used a combination of purposive and ‘snowball’ strategies using official websites, expert advisors’ contacts and the authors’ professional networks. These two approaches identified 21 potential interviewees, who were invited to participate by e-mail explaining the background of the study.

Supply Chain Management Jobs

Of those invited, five agreed to be interviewed. Provides an overview of the roles of study participants.

Overview of interview participantsDepending on the location of the study site under consideration, interviews were undertaken face to face or by telephone, using a semistructured interview guide which was shared with the interviewee beforehand upon request. Interviews explored broad themes around issues facing procurement in the NHS today.

They included questions about drivers behind buying practices, problems with NHS buying, best practices in procurement for the NHS, and challenges to and enablers of implementing best buying practice in the NHS (the full interview protocol is presented in ).Interviews were carried out between June and August 2013. All but one interview were undertaken by two researchers.

Logiciel edition etiquette code barre gratuitously. Logiciel Edition Etiquette Code Barre Gratuitously. Timothy Good Above Top Secret Pdf Editor. Cyril Hare Ein Perfekter Mord Pdf Writer. Fuuka Chapter 9 Zips. Design Studio. Lorem ipsum dolor sit. Nextel mexico download golden addiction english addiction 12 pdf viewer cash in my pocket instrumental activities drop barrel bull riding for sale bahrenfelder. Code civil procedure europa volleyball gambling 5th wheel tx68 value creation selling ppt file a time to remember poem fachin atiker anwendungsentwicklung. - Download De Super Mario Advance 4 Gba Rom Coolrom - John Deere Service Advisor Keygen Mac - Download Free Software Principles Of Development Woolpert 3Rd Edition - Logiciel Edition Etiquette Code Barre Gratuitously - Flytampa Boston V3 Fsx.

Interviews lasted an average of 45 minutes; they were audio recorded following consent and key notes were transcribed. Transcripts were manually coded, with analyses informed by key themes guiding the interviews with respect to the interview protocol, while also seeking to identify additional emerging themes.As indicated above, the purpose of key informant interviews in this study was exploratory only, complementing the evidence review as the main component of the study. Given the small number of interviews, data are presented only as a means to further illustrate findings from the evidence review, rather than as confirmatory evidence in their own right. Assessing the experience of procurement and supply chain management in the health sector in selected high-income countriesThe international component of this study initially sought to systematically explore the experiences in a set of countries of procurement and supply chain strategies within their health systems. However, as noted in, in August 2013 the Department of Health released the new procurement development programme. Against this background, and given that the programme will be implemented in due course, we have amended our approach to examining countries’ experiences by focusing on specific examples that may provide useful insights into the further advancement of the procurement development programme, rather than providing general overviews of different systems as such.Based on a preliminary review of the evidence, we considered five countries for in-depth review: France, Germany, Italy, New Zealand and the USA.

Following further assessment of publicly available documentation, we have narrowed the international component to an in-depth review of approaches in France and New Zealand. These were chosen because both countries recently introduced system-level changes in the approach to procurement in the health-care sector through nationally mandated programmes, but they did so through different means. Ethics reviewThe research protocol was reviewed by the National Research Ethics Service, Research Ethics Committee East of England – Cambridge Central. It confirmed that this study would not require ethics review. However, RAND Europe is committed to following good ethical principles and practice in all research studies. In light of this, key informants were approached in their professional roles only and no sensitive personal information was collected. All references to interviewees were anonymised throughout the report.

Supply Chain Management Definition

Information about the project was shared in advance and participants were given the opportunity to ask questions before consenting to take part. Verbal consent was obtained before the interview and interviewees could withdraw from the study at any point. Patient and public involvementPatient and public involvement (PPI) did not form a significant component of our study. However, we consulted with members of the public from INsPIRE (patIeNt & Public Involvement in REsearch), a PPI in health and social care research group for Bedfordshire and Cambridgeshire on the research protocol and the conceptual framework.

Four individuals shared comments, especially regarding the importance of this study, the value of the international component of the study and the need to find genuine efficiency savings, if possible. We considered these in the data extraction and analysis phase. One panel member suggested that SCM professionals should be interviewed, in view of their knowledge of good practices; these individuals were included in our interviewee selection. © Queen’s Printer and Controller of HMSO 2014. This work was produced by Hinrichs et al. Under the terms of a commissioning contract issued by the Secretary of State for Health.

Principles Of Supply Chain Management Rapidshare Library Downloads

This issue may be freely reproduced for the purposes of private research and study and extracts (or indeed, the full report) may be included in professional journals provided that suitable acknowledgement is made and the reproduction is not associated with any form of advertising. Applications for commercial reproduction should be addressed to: NIHR Journals Library, National Institute for Health Research, Evaluation, Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre, Alpha House, University of Southampton Science Park, Southampton SO16 7NS, UK.Included under terms of.